Though not as well-used or fashionable as it was in its heyday -- it was a Top 25 name from 1946 to 1957 -- it's still a widely used name. From stephanos. Stringer, p. 20; Bradbury, p. 61; Davis, p. 35; Barlow, p. 173; Carpenter, p. 170. WebStephen Colletti (born February 7, 1986) is an American actor and television personality. [191] Stephen marched rapidly north to York and the planned attack disintegrated, leaving Henry to return to Normandy, where he was declared duke by his father. [228] Stephen's daughter Marie I, Countess of Boulogne, also survived her father; she had been placed in a convent by Stephen, but after his death she left and married. As he stepped into a congressional elevator, Santos told reporters he would not resign unless 142 people told him to quit. [181] The previously centralised royal coinage system was fragmented, with Stephen, the Empress and local lords all minting their own coins. [4][nb 2], France in the 12th century was a loose collection of counties and smaller polities, under the minimal control of the King of France. WebStephen became increasingly concerned with ensuring that his son Eustace would inherit his throne. [145] When Matilda advanced to London in an effort to stage her coronation in June, though, she faced an uprising by the local citizens in support of Stephen that forced her to flee to Oxford, uncrowned. He portrayed Chase Adams on The CW drama series One Tree Hill [2] [3] [4] and appeared for two seasons on the MTV reality television series Laguna Beach: The Real Orange County. Stephen is kind hearted and family oriented. [173], After 1143 the war ground on, but progressing slightly better for Stephen. [62] In the process he had been able to maximise revenues and contain expenditures, resulting in a healthy surplus and a famously large treasury, but also increasing political tensions. [15] Stephen probably first visited England in either 1113 or 1115, almost certainly as part of Henry's court. [139][nb 19], Robert took Stephen back to Gloucester, where the King met with the Empress Matilda, and was then moved to Bristol Castle, traditionally used for holding high-status prisoners. King (2010), pp. WebStephen Announces New Book on Podcast. [33] Nonetheless, relations between Henry, Matilda, and Geoffrey became increasingly strained towards the end of the King's life. The spelling as [211] The fall of Wallingford appeared imminent and Henry marched south in an attempt to relieve the siege, arriving with a small army and placing Stephen's besieging forces under siege themselves. [73] Pope Innocent II confirmed Stephen as king by letter later that year, and Stephen's advisers circulated copies widely around England to demonstrate his legitimacy. In English, Stephen is most commonly pronounced as STEEV-n. The early years of Stephen's reign were largely successful, despite a series of attacks on his possessions in England and Normandy by David I of Scotland, Welsh rebels, and the Empress Matilda's husband Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou. WebHow to use Stephen in a sentence. [208] Stephen's castle at Malmesbury was besieged by Henry's forces, and the King responded by marching west with an army to relieve it. 165, 167; Stringer, pp. [127] Stephen was forced to give up his western campaign, returning east to stabilise the situation and protect his capital. [216] Meanwhile, Stephen's brother Henry of Blois and Archbishop Theobald of Canterbury were for once unified in an effort to broker a permanent peace between the two sides, putting pressure on Stephen to accept a deal. [182] Some parts of the country, though, were barely touched by the conflictfor example, Stephen's lands in the south-east and the Angevin heartlands around Gloucester and Bristol were largely unaffected, and David I ruled his territories in the north of England effectively. WebStephen Hawking. [66], Returning south, Stephen held his first royal court at Easter 1136. (2000) "The Impact of 'Foreign' Troops in the Civil Wars of Stephen's Reign," in Dunn, Diana E. S. (ed) (2000), Coulson, Charles. [147] No help was forthcoming from Stephen's brother Theobald this time either, who appears to have been preoccupied with his own problems with Francethe new French king, Louis VII, had rejected his father's regional alliance, improving relations with Anjou and taking a more bellicose line with Theobald, which would result in war the following year. WebStephen or Steven is a common English first name. Carpenter, p. 173; Davis, p. 68; Crouch (2008b), p. 47. He was Count of Boulogne jure uxoris from 1125 until 1147 and Duke of Normandy from 1135 until 1144. He was freed only after his wife and William of Ypres, one of his military commanders, captured Robert at the Rout of Winchester, but the war dragged on for many years with neither side able to win an advantage. [5] Contents 1 Early life 2 Career 3 Awards and nominations 4 Filmography [138] Many of his supporters, including Waleran de Beaumont and William of Ypres, fled from the field at this point but Stephen fought on, defending himself first with his sword and then, when that broke, with a borrowed battle axe. Historian Keith Stringer argues that Theobald was also probably thinking about an eventual peace treaty in England involving Henry FitzEmpress, and that he may have seen the coronation of Eustace only as a guarantee of further civil war after Stephen's death. 94, 115; Barlow, p. 162. Gibney previously appeared in the Bill Hodges trilogy (Mr. Mercedes, Finders Keepers, End of Watch),The Outsider, and If It Bleeds. [155] Queen Matilda and William of Ypres then encircled the Angevin forces with their own army, reinforced with fresh troops from London. Posted: March 2nd, 2022 7:29:15 pm EST. He also worked with space-time singularities. Prince Harry continued his publicity blitz on Tuesday, January 10th, with a good-natured pre-taped appearance on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert! [4], His younger brother, Henry of Blois, was probably born four years after him. [92] In 1138, Robert renounced his fealty to Stephen and declared his support for Matilda, triggering a major regional rebellion in Kent and across the south-west of England, although Robert himself remained in Normandy. [187] Geoffrey and Matilda's son, the future King Henry II of England, mounted a small mercenary invasion of England in 1147 but the expedition failed, not least because Henry lacked the funds to pay his men. Stephen D. Moore III, 33, of Williamsport, was called home by our Heavenly Father on Wednesday, Jan. 4, 2023 at his home. [24][nb 5], With Adelin dead, the inheritance to the English throne was thrown into doubt. From *steg- (to enlace) + - (-nos, suffix forming an adjective or noun) from Proto-Indo-European *-ns (suffix forming a verbal adjective from a verb stem) . [95] The armies of the period centred on bodies of mounted, armoured knights, supported by infantry and crossbowmen. Stephen was the third son of Stephen, Count of Blois and Chartres, and Adela, daughter of King William I the [163] 1143 started precariously for Stephen when he was besieged by Robert of Gloucester at Wilton Castle, an assembly point for royal forces in Herefordshire. [94] Stephen himself went west in an attempt to regain control of Gloucestershire, first striking north into the Welsh Marches, taking Hereford and Shrewsbury, before heading south to Bath. [25] It was also traditional for the King of France to crown his successor whilst he himself was still alive, making the intended line of succession relatively clear, but this was not the case in England. David of Scotland also invaded the north of England once again, announcing that he was supporting the claim of his niece the Empress Matilda to the throne, pushing south into Yorkshire. [156], At the beginning of 1142 Stephen fell ill, and by Easter rumours had begun to circulate that he had died. 50m. It is possible, however, that Stephen had already begun to consider passing over Eustace's claim; historian Edmund King observes that Eustace's claim to the throne was not mentioned in the discussions at Wallingford, for example, and this may have added to his anger. [32] Stephen was amongst those who took this oath in 1127. [131], Ranulf of Chester remained upset over Stephen's gift of the north of England to Prince Henry. Begging Pardon and Favor: Ritual and Political Order in Early Medieval France. WebThe name Stephen is boy's name of Greek origin meaning "garland, crown". [204] Stephen's preferred option was to have Eustace crowned while he himself was still alive, as was the custom in France, but this was not the normal practice in England, and Celestine II, during his brief tenure as pope between 1143 and 1144, had banned any change to this practice. [230], Much of the modern history of Stephen's reign is based on accounts of chroniclers who lived in, or close to, the middle of the 12th century, forming a relatively rich account of the period. King, Edmund. The character was portrayed by Justine Lupe in the Audience show Mr. Mercedes and by Cynthia Erivo in the HBO series The Outsider. This threat was backed up by the arrest of the bishops, with the exception of Nigel who had taken refuge in Devizes Castle; the bishop only surrendered after Stephen besieged the castle and threatened to execute Roger le Poer. (eds) (2001), Rielly, Edward J. Barlow, p. 168; Crouch (1998), p. 264; Carpenter, p. 168. [78][nb 10][nb 11], In the years following his succession, Stephen's relationship with the church became gradually more complex. They hadnt seen each other since Stephen moved out of the neighborhood two years before, and as they catch up Teichner laments the recent [111] The remaining castles were then surrendered to the King. [22] Stephen had intended to sail on the same ship but changed his mind at the last moment and got off to await another vessel, either out of concern for overcrowding on board the ship, or because he was suffering from diarrhoea. [232] Henry of Huntingdon, who lived in the east of England, produced the Historia Anglorum that provides a regional account of the reign. Adela was one of the major reasons for Stephen-Henry deciding to return to the Levant in 1101; Edmund King notes that she gave her husband "very active encouragement" to return; Stephen's brother William was described by chroniclers as being "deficient in intelligence second rate"; he also took a strange oath in, Contemporary chroniclers varied in their explanation for Stephen's absence from the, There has been extensive speculation as to the cause of the sinking of the. He's a devoted Christian and is very passionate about his beliefs while keeping an open mind. [198] Stephen's dispute with the church had its origins in 1140, when Archbishop Thurstan of York died. [113] The incident successfully removed any military threat from the bishops, but it may have damaged Stephen's relationship with the senior clergy, and in particular with his brother Henry. [233] The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle was past its prime by the time of Stephen but is remembered for its striking account of conditions during "the Anarchy". WebText me: 7034203579 LA-based Producer/Songwriter/Musician MGMT / BOOKING / PRESS https://heroic.family/artist/stephen/ [129] Robert of Gloucester's men retook some of the territory that Stephen had taken in his 1139 campaign. Stephen D. Moore III, 33, of Williamsport, was called home by our Heavenly Father on Wednesday, Jan. 4, 2023 at his home. Later in the year Stephen and Henry agreed to the Treaty of Winchester, in which Stephen recognised Henry as his heir in exchange for peace, passing over William, Stephen's second son. Stephen was probably with Henry during the military campaign of 1112, when he was knighted by the King. WebStephen became increasingly concerned with ensuring that his son Eustace would inherit his throne. [100] The King took the opportunity of his military advantage to forge a peace agreement with Scotland. [31], Henry attempted to build up a base of political support for Matilda in both England and Normandy, demanding that his court take oaths first in 1127, and then again in 1128 and 1131, to recognise Matilda as his immediate successor and recognise her descendants as the rightful rulers after her. [148] Geoffrey's success in Normandy and Stephen's weakness in England began to influence the loyalty of many Anglo-Norman barons, who feared losing their lands in England to Robert and the Empress, and their possessions in Normandy to Geoffrey. [180] Stephen's overall income from his estates, however, declined seriously during the conflict, particularly after 1141, and royal control over the minting of new coins remained limited outside of the south-east and East Anglia. [4] The brothers formed a close-knit family group, and Adela encouraged Stephen to take up the role of a feudal knight, whilst steering Henry towards a career in the church, possibly so that their personal career interests would not overlap. Opinions vary considerably among historians as to the date of Stephen's birth. [209] He unsuccessfully attempted to force Henry's smaller army to fight a decisive battle along the river Avon. [221] Despite the issuing of new currency and administrative reforms, Stephen might potentially have lived for many more years, whilst Henry's position on the continent was far from secure. Baldwin de Redvers crossed over from Normandy to Wareham in August in an initial attempt to capture a port to receive the Empress Matilda's invading army, but Stephen's forces forced him to retreat into the south-west. [7] [17] [18] Between 1979 and 2009, he was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge, widely viewed as one of the [72] His accession to the throne still needed to be ratified by the Pope, however, and Henry of Blois appears to have been responsible for ensuring that testimonials of support were sent both from Stephen's brother Theobald and from the French king Louis VI, to whom Stephen represented a useful balance to Angevin power in the north of France. But an appearance on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert on CBS represented more of a gamble. WebAbout Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features In English, Stephen is most commonly pronounced as STEEV-n. [226] Stephen fell ill with a stomach disease and died on 25 October at the local priory, being buried at Faversham Abbey with his wife Matilda and son Eustace. The character was portrayed by Justine Lupe in the Audience show Mr. Mercedes and by Cynthia Erivo in the HBO series The Outsider. [222] Stephen's middle son, Baldwin, and second daughter, Matilda, had died before 1147 and were buried at Holy Trinity Priory, Aldgate. [48], The crowds in London traditionally claimed a right to elect the King, and they proclaimed Stephen the new monarch, believing that he would grant the city new rights and privileges in return. Gibney previously appeared in the Bill Hodges trilogy (Mr. Mercedes, Finders Keepers, End of Watch),The Outsider, and If It Bleeds. [36] He was very pious, both in terms of his observance of religious rituals and his personal generosity to the church. 5455. The King tried to convince the Church to agree to crown Eustace to reinforce his claim; Pope Eugene III refused, and Stephen found himself in a sequence of increasingly bitter arguments with his senior clergy. In other parts of Europe, including Normandy and England, the tradition was for lands to be divided up, with the eldest son taking patrimonial landsusually considered to be the most valuableand younger sons being given smaller, or more recently acquired, partitions or estates. But an appearance on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert on CBS represented more of a gamble. [190] Following this peace agreement, Henry and Ranulf agreed to attack York, probably with help from the Scots. 279280; Bradbury, p. 187. [185] Surprisingly, Stephen himself ended up paying their costs, allowing Henry to return home safely; his reasons for doing so are unclear. Common until the late 18th century. Stephen created many more, filling them with men he considered to be loyal, capable military commanders, and in the more vulnerable parts of the country assigning them new lands and additional executive powers. The King was supported by Hugh of Amiens, Archbishop of Rouen, who challenged the bishops to show how canon law entitled them to build or hold castles. [202] When Theobald, the Archbishop of Canterbury, went to consult with the Pope on the matter against Stephen's wishes, the King refused to allow him back into England either, and seized his estates. [113] As the papal legate, he summoned the King to appear before an ecclesiastical council to answer for the arrests and seizure of property. [189] The Angevin plan involved Ranulf agreeing to give up his claim to Carlisle, held by the Scots, in return for being given the rights to the whole of the Honour of Lancaster; Ranulf would give homage to both David and Henry FitzEmpress, with Henry having seniority. Stephen King is returning to the character of Holly Gibney in a new novel titled Holly. [240], Stephen remains a popular subject for historical study: David Crouch suggests that after King John he is "arguably the most written-about medieval king of England". [19] Stephen and his older brother Theobald were comprehensively beaten in the subsequent campaign, which culminated in the Battle of Alenon, and the territories were not recovered. Stephen, also called Stephen Of Blois, (born c. 1097died Oct. 25, 1154, Dover, Kent, Eng. [185] The Second Crusade was announced, and many Angevin supporters, including Waleran of Beaumont, joined it, leaving the region for several years. Captured at the battle of Lincoln in 1141, he was abandoned by many of his followers and lost control of Normandy. WebStephen Sharer - Jump In! [43] The Norman kings had traditionally exercised a great deal of power and autonomy over the church within their territories. [226], After Stephen's death, Henry II succeeded to the throne of England. One of the first seven deacons of the Christian Church, Saint Stephen is also the first Christian to be martyred for the Faith (hence the title, often applied to him, of protomartyr that is, "first martyr"). With some distressing scenes Turn on Parental controls. [159] Stephen then spent the summer attacking some of the new Angevin castles built the previous year, including Cirencester, Bampton and Wareham. [42] The combined revenues of the two positions made Henry of Winchester the second-richest man in England after the King. [96] These forces were either feudal levies, drawn up by local nobles for a limited period of service during a campaign, or, increasingly, mercenaries, who were expensive but more flexible and often more skilled. WebWhat does Stephen mean? As he stepped into a congressional elevator, Santos told reporters he would not resign unless 142 people told him to quit. [146], Once news of Stephen's capture reached him, Geoffrey of Anjou invaded Normandy again and, in the absence of Waleran of Beaumont, who was still fighting in England, Geoffrey took all the duchy south of the river Seine and east of the river Risle. [132] Stephen marched north to Lincoln and agreed to a truce with Ranulf, probably to keep him from joining the Empress's faction, under which Ranulf would be allowed to keep the castle. WebStephen Announces New Book on Podcast. [11], Stephen's early life was heavily influenced by his relationship with his uncle Henry I. Henry seized power in England following the death of his elder brother William Rufus. [249] In contrast, he is depicted unsympathetically in both Ken Follett's historical novel The Pillars of the Earth and the TV mini-series adapted from it. [71] Stephen gave out grants of land and favours to those present and endowed numerous church foundations with land and privileges. Certainly lands in Normandy, passed by hereditary right, were usually considered more important to major barons than those in England, where their possession was less certain. [37] Stephen also had a personal Augustinian confessor appointed to him by the Archbishop of Canterbury, who implemented a penitential regime for him, and Stephen encouraged the new order of Cistercians to form abbeys on his estates, winning him additional allies within the church. For his father, the Crusader, see. Stephen narrowly escaped drowning with Henry I's son, William Adelin, in the sinking of the White Ship in 1120; William's death left the succession of the English throne open to challenge. [227] Stephen's son William was confirmed as the Earl of Surrey by Henry, and prospered under the new regime, with the occasional point of tension with Henry. He left his father and returned home to Cambridge to gather more funds for a fresh campaign, where he fell ill and died the next month. [10] Unusually, Stephen was raised in his mother's household rather than being sent to a close relative; he was taught Latin and riding, and was educated in recent history and Biblical stories by his tutor, William the Norman. In 1153, the Empress's son Henry invaded England and built an alliance of powerful regional barons to support his claim for the throne. [101] Stephen responded to rumours of this plan by escorting Henry himself north, but this gesture proved the final straw for Ranulf. [18] In 1127, William Clito, a potential claimant to the English throne, seemed likely to become the Count of Flanders; Stephen was sent by the King on a mission to prevent this, and in the aftermath of his successful election, William Clito attacked Stephen's lands in neighbouring Boulogne in retaliation. Attempted to force Henry 's court 95 ] the King took the opportunity of his observance religious. Uxoris from 1125 until 1147 and Duke of Normandy from 1135 until 1144 kings traditionally. 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